aFunlang/src/tool/stdio.cpp

/*
 * 文件名: stdio_.c
 * 目标: 用于终端输出的控制 (stdout, stdin, stderr)
 * 因为不同平台上终端采用的编码不同
 */

#include <cstdio>
#include "tool.h"
#include "tool-stdio.h"
#include "mutex"

/* 注意:
 * checkStdin在Windows和Linux之前行为具有差别, 本质目标时检查缓冲区是否有内容
 * Linux使用无阻塞读取直接检查, 检查结果确实为缓冲区是否有内容
 * Windows则是通过记录每次读取时是否已经读取`\n`来判断缓冲区是否有内容, 并且配合khbit来判断是否有内容输入
 * 实际上, khbit只能代表有内容输入而无法确定内容是否已经输入到缓冲区中
 */

namespace aFuntool {
    OutStream cout{printf_stdout};
    OutStream cerr{printf_stderr};
}

#ifdef aFunWIN32_NO_CYGWIN
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdarg>
#include <csignal>

// 获取CodePage, 并将内存中utf-8字符串转换为对应编码输出
// cygwin环境下, 终端默认为uft-8

namespace aFuntool {
    const int BUFF_SIZE = 40960;
    static char buffer[BUFF_SIZE + 1] = "";
    static size_t index = 0;
    static size_t next = 0;
    static size_t end = 0;
    volatile sig_atomic_t ctrl_c = 0;
    static std::mutex buffer_mutex;  // 只有 export 的函数统一处理该互斥锁

    static int setCursorPosition(HANDLE std_o, CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO *info_, SHORT x_){
        CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO info;
        if (info_ == nullptr) {
            if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(std_o, &info))
                return -1;
            info_ = &info;
        }
        int x = info_->dwCursorPosition.X;
        int y = info_->dwCursorPosition.Y;

        x += x_;
        while (x >= info_->dwSize.X) {
            x -= info_->dwSize.X;
            y++;
        }

        while (x < 0) {
            x += info_->dwSize.X;
            y--;
        }

        if (y < 0)
            y = 0;
        else if (y > info_->dwSize.Y)
            y = info_->dwSize.Y;

        COORD coord = {.X=(SHORT) x, .Y=(SHORT) y};
        SetConsoleCursorPosition(std_o, coord);
        return 1;
    }

    static int nextToEnd(HANDLE std_o){
        CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO info;
        if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(std_o, &info))
            return 0;
        if (setCursorPosition(std_o, &info, (SHORT) (end - next)) == -1)
            return 0;
        next = end;
        return 1;
    }

    static int moveBuffer(){
        if (index == 0)
            return 0;
        memmove(buffer, buffer + index, BUFF_SIZE - index);
        end = end - index;
        next = next - index;
        index = 0;
        memset(buffer + end, 0, BUFF_SIZE - end);
        return 1;
    }

    static int backChar(HANDLE std_o){
        if (index != next) {  // 删除一个字符
            if (setCursorPosition(std_o, nullptr, -1) == -1)  // 先一定位置在-1
                return 0;

            CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO info;
            if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(std_o, &info))
                return 0;
            memmove(buffer + next - 1, buffer + next, end - next + 1);

            SetConsoleCursorPosition(std_o, info.dwCursorPosition);
            for (size_t n = next - 1; n < end; n++)
                fputc(' ', stdout);

            SetConsoleCursorPosition(std_o, info.dwCursorPosition);
            fputs(buffer + next - 1, stdout);

            SetConsoleCursorPosition(std_o, info.dwCursorPosition);
            next--;
            end--;
        }
        return 1;
    }

    static int enterChar(HANDLE std_o){
        if (!nextToEnd(std_o))
            return 0;
        buffer[end] = '\n';
        end++;
        next++;
        fputc('\n', stdout);
        return 1;
    }

    /*
     * 函数名: newChar
     * 目标: 记录字符并显示
     * 返回1表示成功
     * 返回0表示失败
     */
    static int newChar(HANDLE std_i, char ch){
        if (ch == 0)
            return 1;
        if (end == BUFF_SIZE && !moveBuffer())  // 对比 end 而不是 next
            return 0;

        if (next != end) {  // insert 模式
            CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO info;
            if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(std_i, &info))
                return 0;
            memmove(buffer + next + 1, buffer + next, end - next);
            buffer[next] = ch;
            fputs(buffer + next, stdout);
            if (setCursorPosition(std_i, &info, 1) == -1)
                return 0;
        } else {
            buffer[next] = ch;
            fputc(ch, stdout);
        }

        next++;
        end++;
        return 1;
    }

    /*
     * 函数名: checkNewInput
     * 目标: 获取输入并且显示
     * 返回-1表示遭遇错误
     * 返回0表示未完成行读取
     * 返回1表示完成行读取
     */
    static int checkNewInput(HANDLE std_i, HANDLE std_o){
        DWORD len = 0;
        DWORD oldm;
        if (!GetConsoleMode(std_i, &oldm))
            return -1;

        if (!GetNumberOfConsoleInputEvents(std_i, &len))
            return -1;

        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            INPUT_RECORD record;
            DWORD read_len;
            if (!ReadConsoleInputA(std_i, &record, 1, &read_len) || read_len == 0)
                return -1;
            if (record.EventType == KEY_EVENT) {
                if (!record.Event.KeyEvent.bKeyDown)
                    continue;
                else if (record.Event.KeyEvent.uChar.AsciiChar == 3) {
                    ctrl_c = 1;
                    continue;
                } else if (record.Event.KeyEvent.wVirtualKeyCode == VK_BACK) {  // 退格
                    if (backChar(std_o) == 0)
                        return -1;
                    continue;
                }
                if (record.Event.KeyEvent.wVirtualKeyCode == VK_RETURN) {  // 回车
                    if (enterChar(std_o) == 0)
                        return -1;
                    return 1;
                } else if (record.Event.KeyEvent.wVirtualKeyCode == VK_LEFT) {  // 左
                    CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO info;
                    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(std_o, &info))
                        return -1;
                    if (next > index) {
                        next--;
                        if (setCursorPosition(std_o, nullptr, -1) == -1)
                            return 0;
                    }
                    return 0;
                } else if (record.Event.KeyEvent.wVirtualKeyCode == VK_RIGHT) {  // 右
                    if (next < end) {
                        next++;
                        if (setCursorPosition(std_o, nullptr, 1) == -1)
                            return 0;
                    }
                    return 0;
                }

                for (int r = record.Event.KeyEvent.wRepeatCount; r > 0; r--) {
                    if (newChar(std_o, record.Event.KeyEvent.uChar.AsciiChar) == 0)
                        return -1;
                }
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }

    static int fcheck_stdin(HANDLE std_i, HANDLE std_o){
        if (end == index || end == 0 || buffer[end - 1] != '\n')
            return checkNewInput(std_i, std_o);
        return 1;
    }

    int fgetc_stdin(){
        if (!_isatty(_fileno(stdin)))
            return fgetc(stdin);

        HANDLE std_i = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
        HANDLE std_o = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
        if (std_i == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE || std_o == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
            return EOF;

        int re = EOF;
        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> ul{buffer_mutex};
        for (int fs = 0; fs != 1; fs = fcheck_stdin(std_i, std_o)) {  // 阻塞
            if (fs == -1)
                return EOF;
        }

        re = (unsigned char) buffer[index];
        index++;
        return re;
    }

    char *fgets_stdin_(char *buf, size_t len){
        if (!_isatty(_fileno(stdin)))
            return fgets(buf, static_cast<int>(len), stdin);

        HANDLE std_i = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
        HANDLE std_o = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
        if (std_i == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE || std_o == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
            return nullptr;

        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> ul{buffer_mutex};
        for (int fs = 0; fs != 1; fs = fcheck_stdin(std_i, std_o)) {  // 阻塞
            if (fs == -1) {
                buf = nullptr;
                return nullptr;
            }
        }

        {
            size_t len_ = len - 1;
            if (end - index < len_)
                len_ = end - index;
            memcpy(buf, buffer + index, len_);
            index += len_;
            nextToEnd(std_o);
            buf[len_] = '\0';  // 最后一位
        }

        return buf;
    }

    bool fclear_stdin(){
        if (!_isatty(_fileno(stdin))) {
            rewind(stdin);  // 仅 winAPI 可用
            return true;
        }

        HANDLE std_o = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
        if (std_o == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
            return true;

        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> ul{buffer_mutex};
        nextToEnd(std_o);
        index = 0;
        end = 0;
        next = 0;
        memset(buffer, 0, BUFF_SIZE);
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 接管ctrl+c信号初始化
     * @param signal 初始化/还原
     */
    void stdio_signal_init(bool signal){
        HANDLE std_i = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
        DWORD mode;
        GetConsoleMode(std_i, &mode);
        if (signal)
            mode &= ~ENABLE_PROCESSED_INPUT;
        else
            mode |= ENABLE_PROCESSED_INPUT;  // 系统接管 ^c
        SetConsoleMode(std_i, mode);
    }

    /**
     * 检查是否有ctrl+c信号
     */
    bool stdio_check_signal(){
        HANDLE std_i = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
        HANDLE std_o = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
        if (std_i == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE || std_o == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
            return false;
        }

        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> ul{buffer_mutex};
        fcheck_stdin(std_i, std_o);
        bool res = ctrl_c == 1;
        ctrl_c = 0;
        return res;
    }

    int convertMultiByte(char **dest, const char *str, UINT from, UINT to){
        if (str == nullptr || dest == nullptr)
            return 0;

        int tmp_len = MultiByteToWideChar(from, 0, str, -1, nullptr, 0);
        if (tmp_len == 0)
            return 0;

        auto tmp = safeCalloc<wchar_t>(tmp_len + 1);
        if (MultiByteToWideChar(from, 0, str, -1, tmp, tmp_len) == 0)
            return 0;

        int dest_len = WideCharToMultiByte(to, 0, tmp, -1, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr);
        if (dest_len == 0)
            return 0;

        *dest = safeCalloc<char>(dest_len + 1);
        int re = WideCharToMultiByte(to, 0, tmp, -1, *dest, dest_len, nullptr, nullptr);

        safeFree(tmp);
        return re;
    }

    int convertWideByte(wchar_t **dest, const char *str, UINT from){
        if (str == nullptr || dest == nullptr)
            return 0;

        int tmp_len = MultiByteToWideChar(from, 0, str, -1, nullptr, 0);
        if (tmp_len == 0)
            return 0;

        *dest = safeCalloc<wchar_t>(tmp_len + 1);
        return MultiByteToWideChar(from, 0, str, -1, *dest, tmp_len);
    }

    int convertFromWideByte(char **dest, const wchar_t *str, UINT to){
        if (str == nullptr || dest == nullptr)
            return 0;

        int dest_len = WideCharToMultiByte(to, 0, str, -1, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr);
        if (dest_len == 0)
            return 0;

        *dest = safeCalloc<char>(dest_len + 1);
        return WideCharToMultiByte(to, 0, str, -1, *dest, dest_len, nullptr, nullptr);
    }

    int fgets_stdin(char **dest, int len){
        int re = 0;
        if (!_isatty(_fileno(stdin))) {
            *dest = safeCalloc<char>(len + 1);
            re = fgets(*dest, len, stdin) != nullptr;
            if (!re)
                safeFree(*dest);
            return re;
        }

        char *wstr = safeCalloc<char>(len);
        UINT code_page = GetConsoleCP();
        if (fgets_stdin_(wstr, len) != nullptr)  // 已经有互斥锁
            re = convertMultiByte(dest, wstr, code_page, CP_UTF8);
        return re;
    }

    int fungetc_stdin(int ch){
        if (!_isatty(_fileno(stdin)))
            return ungetc(ch, stdin);

        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> ul{buffer_mutex};
        if (ch == 0 || index == 0 && end == BUFF_SIZE) {
            return 0;
        }

        if (index != 0) {
            index--;
            buffer[index] = static_cast<char>(ch);
        } else if (end != BUFF_SIZE) {  // index == 0;
            memmove(buffer, buffer + 1, end);  // 往回移动
            end++;
            next++;
            buffer[0] = static_cast<char>(ch);
        }

        return 1;
    }

    /*
     * 函数名: checkStdin
     * 目标: 检查stdin缓冲区是否有内容
     * 有内容则返回true
     * 无内容则返回false
     */
    bool checkStdin(){
        HANDLE std_i = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
        HANDLE std_o = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> ul{buffer_mutex};
        if (fcheck_stdin(std_i, std_o) == 0)
            return false;
        return true;
    }

    int fputs_std_(const char *str, FILE *std){
        if (std == nullptr)
            return 0;

        if (!_isatty(_fileno(std)))
            return fputs(str, std);

        UINT code_page = GetConsoleCP();
        char *wstr = nullptr;
        int re = EOF;
        if (convertMultiByte(&wstr, str, CP_UTF8, code_page) == 0 || wstr != nullptr) {
            re = fputs(wstr, std);
            safeFree(wstr);
        }
        return re;
    }

    size_t vprintf_std_(FILE *std, size_t buf_len, const char *format, va_list ap){
        if (std == nullptr)
            return 0;

        if (!_isatty(_fileno(std)))
            return vfprintf(std, format, ap);

        if (buf_len == 0)
            buf_len = 1024;
        buf_len += 10;  // 预留更多位置
        char *buf = safeCalloc<char>(buf_len);
        size_t re = vsnprintf(buf, buf_len, format, ap);
        if (fputs_std_(buf, std) == EOF)
            re = 0;
        safeFree(buf);
        return re;
    }
}

#else
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

namespace aFuntool {
    static std::mutex fcntl_mutex;  // 只有 export 的函数统一处理该互斥锁
    
    // 用于Linux平台的IO函数
    // 默认Linux平台均使用utf-8
    
    int fgets_stdin(char **dest, int len) {
        *dest = safeCalloc<char>(len);
        if (fgets(*dest, len, stdin) == nullptr)
            return 0;
        return 1;
    }
    /*
     * 函数名: checkStdin
     * 目标: 检查stdin缓冲区是否有内容
     * 有内容则返回true
     * 无内容则返回false
     *
     * 参考自: https://gist.github.com/SuperH-0630/a4190b89d21c349a8d6882ca71453ae6
     */
    bool checkStdin() {
        if (!isatty(fileno(stdin)))
            return true;
        bool re = false;
    
        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> ul{fcntl_mutex};
        int oldf = fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_GETFL, 0);
        fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_SETFL, oldf | O_NONBLOCK);
    
        int ch = fgetc(stdin);
        clear_ferror(stdin);
    
        if (ch != EOF) {
            ungetc(ch, stdin);
            re = true;
        }
    
        fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_SETFL, oldf);
        return re;
    }
    
    bool fclear_stdin() {
        if (!isatty(fileno(stdin)))
            return true;
    
        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> ul{fcntl_mutex};
        int oldf = fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_GETFL, 0);
        fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_SETFL, oldf | O_NONBLOCK);
    
        int ch;
        do {
            ch = fgetc(stdin);
            clear_ferror(stdin);
        } while (ch != EOF);
    
        fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_SETFL, oldf);
        return !ferror(stdin) && !feof(stdin);
    }
}
#endif